Optimized electric motor technologies for sustainable mobility

The urgency for a shift towards sustainable automotive technologies is a priority in the current global context, characterized by severe environmental challenges and a growing scarcity of critical resources. This thesis delves into the exploration of high-efficiency electric machines that reduce or eliminate the use of rare materials, thus promoting the principles of a circular and sustainable economy. At its core, the work presents an in-depth analysis and a series of proposals in the design of electric motors for vehicles, aiming to overcome traditional dependencies on rare-earth-based materials with more environmentally friendly solutions. The focal point of the thesis is the development of valid technological strategies for designing electric motors that integrate optimized design techniques to enhance performance and reduce environmental impact. Various approaches to motor design for automotive applications are analysed, extending the discussion to critical usage contexts such as high-performance racing vehicles and heavy-duty equipment for mining. This treatment demonstrates the flexibility and scalability of the proposed solutions, highlighting their applicability across a broad range of transportation scenarios. Methodologically, the thesis adopts an interdisciplinary approach that uses advanced computational modelling to evaluate the effectiveness of new motor configurations. This rigorous technical analysis confirms the operational feasibility and efficiency of the proposed systems laying the groundwork for a critical discussion on their performance compared to traditional systems. In summary, this academic work contributes to the debate on sustainable automotive technologies and offers a cutting-edge design vision for the future of propulsion systems. The solutions presented are configured as pragmatic and effective alternatives to meet the need for a greener and more responsible automotive industry. Ultimately, the thesis establishes a benchmark for further research and technological developments, aiming to solidify the foundations for a new generation of electric motors that will be central to achieving a globally sustainable automotive ecosystem.