The impact and safety assessment of sustainable mobility by using innovative technologies and tools

This doctoral dissertation encompasses a research conducted at the Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering (DICAM) at the University of Bologna over a three-year doctoral program. The primary objective of this investigation is to demonstrate how the evolution of sustainable mobility has become increasingly integrated across various phases of project development, utilizing diverse methodological tools and technological innovations. Concurrently, a mobility system that achieves both social and economic sustainability must ensure universal accessibility while fostering enhanced employment opportunities through improved connectivity and mobility networks. Environmentally conscious transportation modes, including non-motorized alternatives (pedestrian and cycling infrastructure), electric vehicles (EVs), and hybrid propulsion systems, constitute fundamental components in achieving sustainability objectives. However, the successful implementation of these solutions requires a strategically planned approach at the municipal policy level, incorporating comprehensive urban planning frameworks and sustainable transportation initiatives. This research aims to develop and validate a comprehensive methodological framework for integrating sustainable mobility practices across various phases of urban planning and development. Through a systematic analysis of technological tools and implementation strategies, this study seeks to establish evidence-based protocols for effectively incorporating sustainable mobility solutions into urban infrastructure projects. Starting from a detailed study of the European policies and from the new form of micromobility, the case studies offered by Bologna sites (Italy) has been analysed within the European plan CrAFt. The analysis moved also to investigate the virtual and BIM approach integrated for sustainable mobility solution. In conclusion, two different methodologies for monitoring the active mobility infrastructure were carried out The dissertation also presents innovative methodologies for monitoring active mobility infrastructure, offering tools adaptable to similar urban contexts. This research ultimately strives to bridge the gap between theoretical sustainable mobility concepts and their practical implementation, providing urban planners and policymakers with robust, data-driven guidelines for sustainable transportation development.