Control of fruit postharvest diseases by thermotherapy: understanding the mechanisms of action by –omics approaches

Spadoni, Alice (2014) Control of fruit postharvest diseases by thermotherapy: understanding the mechanisms of action by –omics approaches, [Dissertation thesis], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna. Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze e tecnologie agrarie, ambientali e alimentari, 26 Ciclo. DOI 10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/6631.
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Abstract

In recent years the hot water treatment (HW) represents an effective and safe approach for managing postharvest decay. This study reported the effect of an HW (60°C for 60 s and 45°C for 10 min) on brown rot and blue mould respectively. Peaches was found more thermotolerant compared to apple fruit, otherwise Penicillium expansum was more resistant to heat with respect to Monilinia spp. In semi-commercial and commercial trials, the inhibition of brown rot in naturally infected peaches was higher than 78% after 6 days at 0°C and 3 days at 20°C. Moreover, in laboratory trials a 100% disease incidence reduction was obtained by treating artificially infected peaches at 6-12 h after inoculation revealing a curative effect of HW. The expression levels of some genes were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Specifically, the cell wall genes (β-GAL, PL, PG, PME) showed a general decrease of expression level whereas PAL, CHI, HSP70 and ROS-scavenging genes were induced in treated peaches compared to the control ones. Contrarily, HW applied on artificially infected fruit before the inoculum was found to increase brown rot susceptibility. This aspect might be due to an increase of fruit VOCs emission as revealed by PTR-ToF-MS analysis. In addition a microarray experiment was conducted to analyze molecular mechanisms underneath the apple response to heat. Our results showed a largest amount of induced Heat shock proteins (HSPs), Heat shock cognate proteins (HSCs), Heat shock transcription factors (HSTFs) genes found at 1 and 4 hours from the treatment. Those genes required for the thermotolerance process could be involved in induced resistance response. The hypothesis was confirmed by 30% of blue mold disease reduction in artificially inoculated apple after 1 and 4 hours from the treatment. In order to improve peaches quality and disease management during storage, an innovative tool was also used: Da-meter.

Abstract
Tipologia del documento
Tesi di dottorato
Autore
Spadoni, Alice
Supervisore
Co-supervisore
Dottorato di ricerca
Scuola di dottorato
Scienze agrarie
Ciclo
26
Coordinatore
Settore disciplinare
Settore concorsuale
Parole chiave
Monilinia spp.; Penicillium expansum; Hot water treatment; Peach; Apple; Da-Meter
URN:NBN
DOI
10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/6631
Data di discussione
30 Aprile 2014
URI

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