Studies on biotic and abiotic elicitors inducing defense responses in tomato

Lancioni, Pietro (2009) Studies on biotic and abiotic elicitors inducing defense responses in tomato, [Dissertation thesis], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna. Dottorato di ricerca in Ecologia microbica e resistenza indotta ad agenti fitopatogeni: progetto n. 2 "Resistenza indotta ad agenti fitopatogeni", 21 Ciclo. DOI 10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/1980.
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Abstract

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., Solanum lycopersicon L.) is one of the most popular vegetable throughout the world, and the importance of its cultivation is threatened by a wide array of pathogens. In the last twenty years this plant has been successfully used as a model plant to investigate the induction of defense pathways after exposure to fungal, bacterial and abiotic molecules, showing triggering of different mechanisms of resistance. Understanding these mechanisms in order to improve crop protection is a main goal for Plant Pathology. The aim of this study was to search for general or race-specific molecules able to determine in Solanum lycopersicon immune responses attributable to the main systems of plant defense: non-host, host-specific and induced resistance. Exopolysaccharides extracted by three fungal species (Aureobasidium pullulans, Cryphonectria parasitica and Epicoccum purpurascens), were able to induce transcription of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and accumulation of enzymes related to defense in tomato plants cv Money Maker,using the chemical inducer Bion® as a positive control. During the thesis, several Pseudomonas spp. strains were also isolated and tested for their antimicrobial activity and ability to produce antibiotics. Using as a positive control jasmonic acid, one of the selected strain was shown to induce a form of systemic resistance in tomato. Transcription of PRs and reduction of disease severity against the leaf pathogen Pseduomonas syringae pv. tomato was determined in tomato plants cv Money Maker and cv Perfect Peel, ensuring no direct contact between the selected rhizobacteria and the aerial part of the plant. To conclude this work, race-specific resistance of tomato against the leaf mold Cladosporium fulvum is also deepened, describing the project followed at the Phytopathology Laboratory of Wageningen (NL) in 2007, dealing with localization of a specific R-Avr interaction in transfected tomato protoplast cultures through fluorescence microscopy.

Abstract
Tipologia del documento
Tesi di dottorato
Autore
Lancioni, Pietro
Supervisore
Co-supervisore
Dottorato di ricerca
Scuola di dottorato
Scienze agrarie
Ciclo
21
Coordinatore
Settore disciplinare
Settore concorsuale
Parole chiave
Tomato, biotic elicitor, glucans, Pseudomonas spp., Cladosporium fulvum, induced resistance, abiotic inducer.
URN:NBN
DOI
10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/1980
Data di discussione
27 Aprile 2009
URI

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