Application of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques in the evaluation of the lipid fraction of animal products

Ferioli, Federico (2007) Application of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques in the evaluation of the lipid fraction of animal products, [Dissertation thesis], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna. Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze degli alimenti, 19 Ciclo. DOI 10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/431.
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Abstract

Lipolysis and oxidation of lipids in foods are the major biochemical and chemical processes that cause food quality deterioration, leading to the characteristic, unpalatable odour and flavour called rancidity. In addition to unpalatability, rancidity may give rise to toxic levels of certain compounds like aldehydes, hydroperoxides, epoxides and cholesterol oxidation products. In this PhD study chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques were employed to determine the degree of rancidity in different animal products and its relationship with technological parameters like feeding fat sources, packaging, processing and storage conditions. To achieve this goal capillary gas chromatography (CGC) was employed not only to determine the fatty acids profile but also, after solid phase extraction, the amount of free fatty acids (FFA), diglycerides (DG), sterols (cholesterol and phytosterols) and cholesterol oxidation products (COPs). To determine hydroperoxides, primary products of oxidation and quantify secondary products UV/VIS absorbance spectroscopy was applied. Most of the foods analysed in this study were meat products. In actual fact, lipid oxidation is a major deterioration reaction in meat and meat products and results in adverse changes in the colour, flavour and texture of meat. The development of rancidity has long recognized as a serious problem during meat handling, storage and processing. On a dairy product, a vegetal cream, a study of lipid fraction and development of rancidity during storage was carried out to evaluate its shelf-life and some nutritional features life saturated/unsaturated fatty acids ratio and phytosterols content. Then, according to the interest that has been growing around functional food in the last years, a new electrophoretic method was optimized and compared with HPLC to check the quality of a beehive product like royal jelly. This manuscript reports the main results obtained in the five activities briefly summarized as follows: 1) comparison between HPLC and a new electrophoretic method in the evaluation of authenticity of royal jelly; 2) study of the lipid fraction of a vegetal cream under different storage conditions; 3) study of lipid oxidation in minced beef during storage under a modified atmosphere packaging, before and after cooking; 4) evaluation of the influence of dietary fat and processing on the lipid fraction of chicken patties; 5) study of the lipid fraction of typical Italian and Spanish pork dry sausages and cured hams.

Abstract
Tipologia del documento
Tesi di dottorato
Autore
Ferioli, Federico
Supervisore
Dottorato di ricerca
Ciclo
19
Coordinatore
Settore disciplinare
Settore concorsuale
Parole chiave
animal foods high performance chromatographic techniques lipid fraction lipolysis oxidative rancidity UV/VIS spectroscopy
URN:NBN
DOI
10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/431
Data di discussione
22 Maggio 2007
URI

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