Exercise associated factors affecting cardiovascular health and function: from myocyte signaling to genetic variations

Passariello, Catherine (2011) Exercise associated factors affecting cardiovascular health and function: from myocyte signaling to genetic variations, [Dissertation thesis], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna. Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze dello sviluppo e del movimento umano: progetto n. 1 "Discipline delle attività motorie e sportive", 23 Ciclo. DOI 10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/3949.
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Abstract

The exact mechanisms of the exercise induced adaptations is not lucid, but recent studies have delineated two means of signaling by which the adaptations occur (1) substrate availability signaling (metabolic stress) (2) hormone-receptor signaling. We have decided to specifically investigate two metabolic signaling enzymes [AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and Sirtuin 1(SIRT1)] and two hormones [Adiponectin and Adrenergic stimulation].Tis based on four papers with the following conclusions: (1)Increase in SIRT1 activity and expression in H9c2 cells treated with phenylephrine is an adaptive response to the hypertrophic stress, mediated by AMPK. (2)The lack of optimal nutritional conditions (energetic substrates) due to a prolonged activation of AMPK can contrast the establishment of hypertrophy, possibly also by means of the negative modulation of ODC activity. (3) Our findings offer a possibile hypothesis as to the fact the the G allele on site 45 could lead to the increasd risk of Type II diabetes through a decrease in lean body mass. (4) Our results suggest that there is an ADIPOQ gene effect in relation to bone parameters. Statistical analysis show that the presence of the T allele in position 45 favors an increase in lumbar spine bone mineral content (BMC) when compared to subjects with a G allele substitution, which can be do the the increase in lean body mass in this genotype group.

Abstract
Tipologia del documento
Tesi di dottorato
Autore
Passariello, Catherine
Supervisore
Dottorato di ricerca
Scuola di dottorato
Scienze biologiche, biomediche e biotecnologiche
Ciclo
23
Coordinatore
Settore disciplinare
Settore concorsuale
Parole chiave
ampk sirtuin adiponectin odc exercise cardiac hypertrophy bone adrenergic h9c2 adipoq isoproteronol
URN:NBN
DOI
10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/3949
Data di discussione
20 Maggio 2011
URI

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