Biochemical bases of the activity of phytoextracts and use of microalgae in veterinary medicine

This research is a multidisciplinary exploration of phytoextracts, focusing on the medicinal properties of Boswellia serrata extracts and the nutritional efficacy of Arthrospira platensis. The study also evaluates Spirugrass®, a by-product derived from the extraction of phycocyanin from A. platensis, for its potential use in animal nutrition. Through the use of analytical chemistry, statistical analysis and advanced techniques, the research provides a holistic view of the multiple applications of these natural phytoextracts. The study has evaluated the effects of supplementing Leghorn laying hens with B. serrata and S. alba on productivity, welfare and biomarkers. The supplementation did not affect productivity or performance and the welfare status of the hens was maintained. Serum biochemistry analysis showed no significant differences between the control and supplemented groups during the early stages of laying, indicating the safety of supplementation within the posology used. In addition, there were no significant differences in egg white protein and lower cholesterol levels were measured in the treatment group. The focus on A. platensis included biochemical characterisation and exploration of potential applications in veterinary medicine. A. platensis, which is rich in essential nutrients, particularly proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, was investigated for iron bioaccumulation and speciation. The research also investigated the bioaccessible iron fraction in A. platensis using an in vitro canine digestion model, providing insights into potential applications in animal nutrition. The characterisation of Spirugrass® included an assessment of its protein profile and iron content, and the effect of high pressure pasteurisation. Spirugrass® showed potential as a cost-effective ingredient in animal feed, suggesting wider implications for environmental sustainability in livestock production. In summary, this multi-faceted research expands our understanding of phytoextract applications in veterinary medicine. The use of diverse methodologies and interdisciplinary studies enriches our knowledge of the potential impact of natural products in different areas.