Congested optimal transport in the Heisenberg group

In this thesis we adapted the problem of continuous congested optimal transport to the Heisenberg group, equipped with a sub-Riemannian metric: we restricted the set of admissible paths to the horizontal curves. We obtained the existence of equilibrium configurations, known as Wardrop Equilibria, through the minimization of a convex functional, over a suitable set of measures on the horizontal curves. Moreover, such equilibria induce transport plans that solve a Monge-Kantorovich problem associated with a cost, depending on the congestion itself, which we rigorously defined. We also proved the equivalence between this problem and a minimization problem defined over the set of p-summable horizontal vector fields with prescribed divergence. We showed that this new problem admits a dual formulation as a classical minimization problem of Calculus of Variations. In addition, even the Monge-Kantorovich problem associated with the sub-Riemannian distance turns out to be equivalent to a minimization problem over measures on horizontal curves. Passing through the notion of horizontal transport density, we proved that the Monge-Kantorovich problem can also be formulated as a minimization problem with a divergence-type constraint. Its dual formulation is the well-known Kantorovich duality theorem. In the end, we treated the continuous congested optimal transport problem with orthotropic cost function: we proved the Lipschitz regularity for solutions to a pseudo q-Laplacian-type equation arising from it.