Characterization of vascular wall progenitor cells and their role in therapeutic angiogenesis and Monckeberg's sclerosis

Pacilli, Annalisa (2011) Characterization of vascular wall progenitor cells and their role in therapeutic angiogenesis and Monckeberg's sclerosis, [Dissertation thesis], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna. Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze chirurgiche: progetto n. 1 "Metodologie di ricerca nelle malattie vascolari", 23 Ciclo. DOI 10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/3511.
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Abstract

Recently, the existence of a capillary-rich vasculogenic zone has been identified in adult human arteries between the tunica media and adventitia; in this area it has been postulated that Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) may be present amidst the endothelial progenitors and hematopoietic stem cells. This hypothesis is supported by several studies claiming to have found the in vivo reservoir of MSCs in post-natal vessels and by the presence of ectopic tissues in the pathological artery wall. We demonstrated that the existence of multipotent progenitors is not restricted to microvasculature; vascular wall resident MSCs (VW-MSCs) have been isolated from multidistrict human large and middle size vessels (aortic arch, thoracic aorta and femoral artery) harvested from healthy multiorgan donors. Each VW-MSC population shows characteristics of embryonic-like stem cells and exhibits angiogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic and leiomyogenic potential but less propensity to osteogenic ifferentiation. Human vascular progenitor cells are also able to engraft, differentiate into mature endothelial cells and support muscle function when injected in a murine model of hind limb ischemia. Conversely, VW-MSCs isolated from calcified femoral arteries display a good response to osteogenic commitment letting us to suppose that VW-MSCs could have an important role in the onset of vascular pathologies such as Mönckeberg sclerosis. Taken together these results show two opposite roles of vascular progenitor cells and underline the importance of establishing their in vivo pathological and regenerative potential to better understand pathological events and promote different therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular research and clinical applications.

Abstract
Tipologia del documento
Tesi di dottorato
Autore
Pacilli, Annalisa
Supervisore
Dottorato di ricerca
Scuola di dottorato
Scienze mediche e chirurgiche cliniche
Ciclo
23
Coordinatore
Settore disciplinare
Settore concorsuale
Parole chiave
vascular progenitor cells therapeutic angiogenesis Monckeberg's sclerosis
URN:NBN
DOI
10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/3511
Data di discussione
19 Aprile 2011
URI

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