Justification of Civilian Use of Drones and International Security: Comparison between the The United States and the European Union

In the midst of raising new technologies and robotic systems, the unmanned aerial vehicles ( widely known as drones) ubiquitously operate in military and non-military missions. While the segment of the drones has experienced the most considerable growth and interest-driven primarily by the military motives, to a greater extent, currently it dominates civilian and public domain applications ranging from border security, disaster management to environmental monitoring. Recently, except for military applications dominated by targeted killings and counterterrorism operations, the civilian aspect not yet exploited academically and comprehensively. Taking the social constructivist and pragmatic sociology as a theoretical framework, we aim at analysing how a military-oriented technology into the civilian airspace has raised the interests to understand how the state and non-state actors justify the drone use for the non-military tasks, what is acceptable from an ethical and legal point of view”. Under this motive, there are on-going practices, and efforts to regulate and integrate the drones into non-segregated airspace. This study concerns the complex regulation international of a technological product -drones-conceived and realised in the first instance a purpose of war and then used for multiple purposes and civil purposes, both for health missions, social, both for recreational, artistic, journalistic use. Besides, there are also many controversies - resolved differently in the various national contexts - about the rules that were needed give to the liberalisation of use an object that can be easily transformed into a powerful instrument of control of the private sphere of individuals. Under this context, by implementing a comparative approach on the United States and the European Union, we consider the integration of these technologies is significantly affecting the human-technology relationship on the not on the battlefield but now on the society in general.