Acquired and inherited cardiomyopathies: evaluation of cardiotoxic effects in preclinical models

Fazio, Antonietta (2023) Acquired and inherited cardiomyopathies: evaluation of cardiotoxic effects in preclinical models, [Dissertation thesis], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna. Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze biomediche e neuromotorie, 35 Ciclo.
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Abstract

Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of myocardial disorders defined by structural and functional alterations of the heart. These cardiac diseases can have both non-genetic and genetic origin. Nevertheless, a different etiology can trigger the same phenotype, as in the case of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and desmin-related cardiomyopathy (DRM). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the cellular mechanisms driving the development of these cardiotoxic conditions in in vitro models. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a commonly used antineoplastic drug for the treatment of a wide range of tumors. Besides, its clinical use is restricted because of dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Our findings provided evidence that phospholipase C Beta 2 (PLCβ2) may have a critical role in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in undifferentiated and differentiated H9c2 cell line. Interestingly, the results obtained revealed that cardiomyocytes are less sensitive to DOX, following the evaluation of cellular mechanisms such as: oxidative stress, apoptosis and cell proliferation. Nonetheless, the treatment induced a significant upregulation of PLCβ2 associated to morphological changes in both models, demonstrating the implication in a hypertrophic response. On the other hand, a hereditary DRM was associated to a missense mutation of aB crystallin (CRYAB), a chaperone protein involved in the regulation of the intermediate filament network. Since research has only been conducted on transgenic (TG) mice and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, this study aimed at investigating cellular mechanisms triggered by CRYABR120G mutation in a hiPSC-derived DRM model. Our model confirmed the impairment of the cytoskeletal organization resulting in the formation of desmin and CRYAB aggregates and myofibril misalignment. Moreover, the missense mutation confirmed a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy phenotype, a feature of DRM patients, on cardiac engineered tissues. Lastly, these data obtained suggest that further research on PLCβ2 and CRYAB are needed to comprehend the molecular mechanisms behind the development of these 2 cardiac diseases.

Abstract
Tipologia del documento
Tesi di dottorato
Autore
Fazio, Antonietta
Supervisore
Co-supervisore
Dottorato di ricerca
Ciclo
35
Coordinatore
Settore disciplinare
Settore concorsuale
Parole chiave
Cardiotoxicity, Cardiomyopathies, Preclinical models, Doxorubicin, PLCβ2, aB crystallin
URN:NBN
Data di discussione
30 Marzo 2023
URI

Altri metadati

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